The Iowa Institute of Hydraulic Research and Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering has been conducting exciting research with Particle Image Velocimetry methods. Engineers and Scientists in Iowa, in collaboration with others, have taken a well-established laboratory measurement method to a field setting. [1] Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) uses mass conservation principles to determine the velocity of particles moving through a given region.[1]
Because they are looking at water in natural settings, they are experiencing some of the challenges we expect to face with the GaugeCam project. The effects of variable lighting, glare and shadows must be addressed.[2] Wind and rain effects are also concerns.[2] In addition, PIV requires observable particles, whether natural or seeded. [1] In some cases, natural occurrences, such as bubbles in the water can be recognized and tracked as particles.[2]
One particular challenge noted by researchers is the incorporation of stage measurement.[3] Specifically, stage measurement using image-based techniques is mentioned as an ideal solution because an image-based solution could utilize the same type of data transmission as the PIV camera system. [3]
References
[1] Bradley, A. A., Kruger, A., Meselhe, E., & Muste, M. (1999). Low flow measurement in streams using video imagery. Water Resources Research,
[2] Creutin, J. D., Muste, M., Bradley, A. A., Kim, S. C., & Kruger, A. (2003). River gauging using PIV techniques: A proof of concept experiment on the Iowa river. Journal of Hydrology, 277(3), 182. doi:10.1016/S0022-1694(03)00081-7
[3] Hauet, A., Kruger, A., Krajewski, W. F., Bradley, A., Muste, M., Creutin, J., et al. (2008). Experimental system for real-time discharge estimation using an image-based method. Journal of Hydrologic Engineering, 13(2), 105-110. doi:10.1061/(ASCE)1084-0699(2008)13:2(105)
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